Prior to 1990, we had only Postal Money
Orders if we have to send money. Banks issued Demand Drafts. Though they were
highly useful those days, they started losing usefulness as te=he years rolled
on. Some simpler, faster mode of transmitting was needed and the Govt of India
founded the National Payments Corporation of India NPCI in late 1990s. It
formulated many rules and regulations with the guidance of RBI and Indian Banks
Assn. In 2005s it took shape and India has
not turned back after 2005.
NEFT / RTGS
Year 2005 saw National Electronic Funds Transfer and Real Time Gross Settlement (NEFT and RTGS). The structure of the Banks were standardised - the Cheque Truncation System CTS was evolved with standardisation of Cheque leaves for faster clearing. Each branch of every Bank was allotted a unique Code - Indian Fnancial Systems Code (IFSC). It is a 11 character Code, first 4 alpha (name of the bank) next a zero and the last six the branch code. Using NEFT, one can send amounts upto 2 Lakh over Internet to any account, any Bank, any Branch in India for a fee of Rs 2,50. (One should know the IFSC and the account no of the beneficiary) Amounts are transferred in groups every one hour from 8 AM to 6 PM. RTGS is for higher amounts and transferred instantaneously. They do not work on Saturdays, Sundays, and Public holidays.
With the growth of Smart Phones came many
other Gateways for Payment.
IMPS (immediate Payment Service)
One registers his/her smart phone with his
Bank, and it is linked to his/her accounts. A unique Mobile Money Identifier
code (MMID) is allotted to the customer, by the bank. It is a 7-digit code.
With this code and Mobile number of the receiver (who receives the money), you
can send the amount to him/her. It works 24 hours a day, all the year round. It
is instantaneous and very cheap. If one does not know or have the MMID , or the
mobile number of the receiver, one can send money to him if he knows the IFSC
and the acct no. A limit of Rs 10000.00 is set for MMID + Mobile operation, and
Rs 1 lakh to 2 lakhs for IFSC + acct no. Almost 99% of the Banks have this
facility (IMPS). Next improvement was Unified Payment Interface (UPI)
UPI
UPI is based on Aadhaar card details, the
biometric data of a person. A 12-digit code will be issued to each customer.
Started in late August 2016, it is now in advanced state of development. ICICI
bank and other banks have this App. You create an address like xyz @ icici or
abc @ Pockets, which is called a Virtual Payment Address (VPA), using which you
can send / receive money. Your VPA is linked to your account and the VPA is
unique for all customers of all Banks. So there is no need for knowing the
Bank's IFSC or the receiver's acct number ! One just sends to the unique VPA of
the receiver. In between the full development of UPI, there is one more called
the NUUP.
NUUP
National Unified USSD Payment
USSD stands for Unstructured Supplementary
Service Data
If, in your Mobile, you see a service with * and # (eg *121#) this is an example of USSD. USSD has * and #. Start with a * and end with a #
This is another easy method for sending /
receiving money 24 x 7 x 365 instantaneously.
First, you register your Mobile number
with your Bank; This will link to your account.
It does NOT require Internet, Net Banking etc. Just have a Smart phone,
link it to your one account.
You get a unique MPIN for you. It contains
a UserID of 7 chars; You set a password of 6 chars (at least 1 alaphabet, 1
numeral, and 1 special char. It is easy to get one.
Now, on your Mobile (which is registered
with the Bank), type *99*#
It will ask for your bank's name (either3
chars or 4 chars --- ICIC for icici bank, and SBI or SBIN for state Bank) So if
your bank is State Bank, you can type SBI or SBIN
Or, you can start with *99*SBIN#
A 5-point Menu will appear 1 - for Balance Enquiry, 2 - for last three transactions, 3 and 4 for Funds Transfer (IMPS based).
3 if you want to send to a Mobile number -
type the 10 digit Mobile number and the 7 digit MMID of the receiver with a
space in between. Then Amount and any remarks with a space; Finally your MPIN.
4 if you want to send it to an acct - type
the 11 digit acct no, a space, and the IFSC code
then type the amount (1000, 5000 etc), a
space, and remarks. Finally, your MPIN.
Max Limit for transfer of funds Rs 5000
currently.
YOUR SERVICE PROVIDER (AIRTEL / AIRCEL / IDEA )may charge 1.50 per transaction
Rajappa
5-11-2016
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